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strictly caste-based. Physical appearance was noted in the Rigveda, with Purusha Sukta in the Rigveda mentioning four Varnas (social classes).
Economic Structure
The Vedic economy was primarily pastoral, with cattle constituting the basic form of wealth. Gold coins and cattle were used as units of exchange. Crafts such as carpentry and pottery were practiced. Kings functioned on voluntary offerings, as regular revenue systems were absent.
Vedic Religion
Natural forces like the Earth, fire, wind, rain, and thunder were personified as gods and worshipped. Rituals and sacrifices were the primary forms of worship. Prayers sought material benefits rather than spiritual fulfillment. Notable deities included Indra, Varuna, and Agni. Female deities like Aditi and Usha also appear, but less prominently.

 

Prehistoric Period of India
? Prehistory refers to the time before writing was invented.
? Prehistory is divided into three periods:
o Paleolithic Age (Old Stone Age): 20,000 BCE - 10,000 BCE
o Mesolithic Age (Middle Stone Age): 10,000 BCE - 6,000 BCE
o Neolithic Age (New Stone Age): 6,000 BCE - 2,000 BCE