India Unveils ‘Prahaar’ Counter-Terrorism Policy

Prahaar Framework Targets Modern Security Threats

India has introduced its first integrated counter-terrorism doctrine, titled Prahaar , aimed at strengthening national security against evolving threats. Released by the Ministry of Home Affairs , the policy outlines a multidimensional strategy combining legal, technological, intelligence and community-based interventions. The framework reflects growing concerns over cross-border terrorism, cyber operations and the misuse of emerging technologies.

Focus on Traditional and Emerging Risks

Prahaar identifies cross-border terrorism as a persistent challenge, particularly from networks operating beyond India’s western frontiers. The policy highlights the rising deployment of drones in regions such as Punjab and Jammu & Kashmir for arms and narcotics smuggling.

Cyber warfare constitutes another major concern. The framework notes increasing hostile cyber activities targeting critical infrastructure, including power systems, transportation networks, aviation, ports, defence installations, space assets and atomic energy facilities. The document reiterates that terrorism is not associated with any religion or ethnicity, but emphasises vigilance against extremist networks attempting to destabilise internal security.

Technology, Financing and Organised Crime

The policy stresses the expanding nexus between terror groups and organised crime syndicates. It flags the use of digital platforms, encrypted communication tools, the dark web and crypto-based transactions for recruitment, propaganda and financing.

Prahaar also addresses high-impact risks, including potential misuse of Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear (CBRN) materials, alongside advanced technologies such as drones and robotics.

Legal Strengthening and International Cooperation

The framework proposes closer integration of legal expertise throughout investigations to enhance prosecution effectiveness. Agencies such as the National Investigation Agency and the Intelligence Bureau remain central to enforcement and intelligence coordination.

Global intelligence-sharing and multilateral cooperation are emphasised to counter transnational networks.

Exam-Focused Key Points

• Ministry of Home Affairs oversees internal security.

• Drones increasingly feature in cross-border smuggling.

• Cyber warfare targets critical infrastructure.

• CBRN threats represent high-impact security risks.

• NIA is India’s primary counter-terror investigation agency.