Rare Gynandromorphy Found in Freshwater Crab Vela carli in Silent Valley

Unique Dual-Sex Trait Discovered in Western Ghats Crab Species

Researchers have reported a rare biological phenomenon in a freshwater crab, Vela carli , from Silent Valley National Park . The species exhibited gynandromorphy , a condition where a single organism shows both male and female characteristics—an unprecedented record in its family.

About Vela carli

Vela carli is a freshwater crab restricted to the forest streams of the Central Western Ghats. It belongs to the Gecarcinucidae , known for species adapted to inland aquatic habitats.

Its limited distribution highlights the ecological sensitivity and conservation value of the Western Ghats region.

Rare Case of Gynandromorphy

The crab displayed Gynandromorphy , where male reproductive organs coexisted with female features such as gonopores.

This condition is extremely rare in crustaceans and has not been previously recorded in the Gecarcinucidae family. The finding provides new insights into developmental biology and genetic anomalies in aquatic species.

Ecological Importance of Silent Valley

Silent Valley National Park forms the core of the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve , which was included in UNESCO’s World Network of Biosphere Reserves. The park is sustained by the Kunthipuzha River and is characterised by tropical evergreen forests and montane ecosystems.

Its undisturbed habitats support a wide range of endemic and endangered species, making it a vital centre for biodiversity conservation.

Biodiversity Significance

The park hosts over 1,000 flowering plant species along with rich faunal diversity, including the lion-tailed macaque , Nilgiri langur, elephant, tiger and gaur. Discoveries such as this highlight the importance of continued research in fragile ecosystems like the Western Ghats.

Exam-Focused Points

• Vela carli is endemic to the Western Ghats.

• Belongs to Gecarcinucidae .

• First recorded case of Gynandromorphy in this family.

• Found in Silent Valley National Park .

• Part of Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve .