New Wild Kiwi Species Actinidia indica Discovered in Arunachal Pradesh

Botanical Survey of India Identifies New Kiwi Species in Eastern Himalaya

Scientists from the Botanical Survey of India have discovered a new species of wild kiwi named Actinidia indica in Arunachal Pradesh. The finding highlights the exceptional biodiversity of the Eastern Himalayan region, known for its rich and endemic plant life.

Discovery and Geographic Location

The species has been identified near Ziro Valley at an elevation of around 1,725 metres. It grows in a transitional zone between temperate and subtropical forests, an area recognised for high ecological diversity and favourable climatic conditions.

Botanical Characteristics of the Species

Actinidia indica is a perennial climbing shrub that typically reaches a height of 2–4 metres. It is characterised by densely hairy young branches and large ovate leaves. The plant bears white to creamy flowers, about 4–6 cm in size, which contribute to its distinct identity.

Unique Fruit Features and Identification

The fruit is globose and olive-green, measuring approximately 2.5–4 cm. A distinctive feature is the reticulate lenticel pattern on its surface, which helps differentiate it from other members of the Actinidia genus and aids in accurate classification.

Significance of the Discovery

This discovery increases the global count of Actinidia species to 56, with only a limited number found in India. It reinforces the ecological importance of Arunachal Pradesh as a biodiversity hotspot and highlights the need for continued exploration and conservation of fragile ecosystems.

Exam-Focused Points

• Species: Actinidia indica (wild kiwi) .

• Discovered by: Botanical Survey of India (BSI) .

• Location: Ziro Valley, Arunachal Pradesh (~1,725 m) .

• Type: perennial climbing shrub .

• Key feature: reticulate lenticel fruit pattern .

• Total species in genus Actinidia: 56 .