DNA barcoding helps distinguish closely related species and resolves classification disputes.
The project involved ZSI Western Regional Centre (Pune) , ZSI Southern Regional Centre (Chennai) , and Prof. Ramkrishna More College .
Some endemic lineages show Gondwanan biogeographic origins (ancient supercontinent that included India, Africa, South America, Antarctica, Australia, Madagascar).
Cockroaches belong to the order Blattodea , which now also includes termites .
Ecological roles: decomposers, nutrient recyclers, bioindicators .
In March 2026 , Neoloboptera peninsularis was discovered in the Deccan Peninsula near Nathachiwadi, Pune, raising the count to 190 species at the time , later updated to 191 .
The DNA barcode library aids species identification, pest management, and conservation planning .
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
1. How many cockroach species does India have?
India has 191 recorded cockroach species. More than 60 percent of them are endemic, meaning they are found only in India.
2. What is DNA barcoding in simple terms?
DNA barcoding reads a short gene sequence, usually from the COI gene in mitochondria. This sequence acts like a unique barcode for each species, allowing quick and accurate identification.
3. Why is the new DNA barcode library important?
It is India’s first large reference library for cockroach DNA. It helps scientists and officials identify species fast, supports conservation, and detects invasive pests.
4. What is the newly discovered cockroach species?
In March 2026, scientists identified Neoloboptera peninsularis from the Deccan Peninsula near Pune. It is an endemic species that took India’s cockroach count from 190 to 191.
5. Are termites related to cockroaches?
Yes. Modern classification places termites within the order Blattodea, the same order as cockroaches. DNA evidence shows termites evolved from social cockroach ancestors.